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Gene referenceSep 23, 2026

CD40

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CD40 encodes a receptor that participates in communication between immune cells, including T-cell help for B-cell responses. Its partner is CD40 ligand, encoded by CD40LG. Also called: A conversation between immune cells CD40 encodes a rec…

Gene referenceSep 23, 2026

CD40LG

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CD40LG encodes CD40 ligand, which binds CD40 and supports communication needed for effective antibody responses. It is on the X chromosome, which changes how some genetic results must be interpreted. Also called: The ligand that helps acti…

Gene referenceSep 23, 2026

CETP

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CETP transfers cholesteryl esters between lipoprotein particles. This helps explain why the balance of HDL and other lipid particles is more complex than a single cholesterol number. Also called: Moving cholesterol between lipoproteins CET…

Gene referenceSep 23, 2026

CXCL13

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CXCL13 is a chemokine that attracts cells expressing CXCR5, including B cells. This pairing helps organize immune-cell traffic in lymphoid tissues and some chronic inflammatory settings. Also called: Guiding B cells to organized immune sit…

Gene referenceSep 23, 2026

CXCL8

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CXCL8 is the gene for IL-8, a chemokine involved in recruiting and activating neutrophils. IL-8 is the protein nickname; CXCL8 is the gene name a DNA report may use. Also called: IL-8: bringing neutrophils to the response CXCL8 is the gene…

Gene referenceSep 23, 2026

CXCR5

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CXCR5 encodes the receptor for CXCL13. This receptor helps guide B cells and certain T cells toward locations where organized immune responses develop. Also called: Following the CXCL13 signal CXCR5 encodes the receptor for CXCL13. This re…

Gene referenceSep 23, 2026

DDAH1

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DDAH1 encodes an enzyme that breaks down asymmetric dimethylarginine, or ADMA. ADMA inhibits nitric oxide synthase; DDAH1 is part of its clearance system, not the inhibitor itself. Also called: Clearing ADMA helps preserve nitric oxide sig…

Gene referenceSep 23, 2026

F5

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F5 encodes coagulation factor V. The well-characterized Factor V Leiden variant, rs6025, can make factor V less responsive to an anticoagulant control mechanism, increasing susceptibility to venous clots. It does not mean the body cannot ma…

Gene referenceSep 23, 2026

F9

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F9 encodes coagulation factor IX. Disease-causing variants can result in hemophilia B, an inherited bleeding disorder, but a panel marker is not equivalent to a confirmed disease-causing finding. Also called: Factor IX and the bleeding sid…

Gene referenceSep 23, 2026

HMGB1

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HMGB1 normally has functions inside the cell nucleus. When released outside cells in particular settings, it can act as a damage-associated molecular pattern, or DAMP, participating in inflammatory signaling. Also called: A cellular protei…

Gene referenceSep 23, 2026

IFNG

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IFNG encodes interferon gamma, a cytokine involved in cellular immune defense and activation of macrophages. It differs from the Th2 signals more often emphasized in allergic responses. Also called: Interferon gamma and macrophage activati…

Gene referenceSep 23, 2026

IL10

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IL10 encodes interleukin-10, a cytokine that can limit inflammatory responses and help prevent excessive immune-mediated tissue damage. Immune balance includes resolving a response as well as starting one. Also called: The immune system al…

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