Let’s explore “Ulcerative colitis and immune signals”

CCL2 encodes MCP-1, a chemokine that attracts monocytes toward sites of immune activity. Recruitment is a different task from the cytokines that activate those cells once they arrive.

CD40 encodes a receptor that participates in communication between immune cells, including T-cell help for B-cell responses. Its partner is CD40 ligand, encoded by CD40LG.

CXCL13 is a chemokine that attracts cells expressing CXCR5, including B cells. This pairing helps organize immune-cell traffic in lymphoid tissues and some chronic inflammatory settings.

CXCR5 encodes the receptor for CXCL13. This receptor helps guide B cells and certain T cells toward locations where organized immune responses develop.

IL10 encodes interleukin-10, a cytokine that can limit inflammatory responses and help prevent excessive immune-mediated tissue damage. Immune balance includes resolving a response as well as starting one.

IL12B encodes the p40 subunit shared by IL-12 and IL-23. This makes it an intersection between immune pathways rather than a stand-alone measure of one cytokine.

IL13 encodes interleukin-13, a cytokine involved in Th2 immune responses, mucus-related processes and tissue remodeling. It overlaps with some IL-4 functions but is not the same signal.

IL15 encodes a cytokine involved in the survival and activity of immune cells, including natural killer cells and memory CD8 T cells. Its receptor system includes IL15RA.

IL15RA encodes the alpha receptor component for IL-15. It helps present IL-15 to responding immune cells, supporting communication that is important for particular lymphocyte populations.

IL18 encodes interleukin-18, a cytokine that can promote interferon-gamma responses in the appropriate immune context. Its receptor includes components encoded by IL18R1 and IL18RAP.

IL2RA encodes the alpha chain of the interleukin-2 receptor, also called CD25. It is involved in immune activation and regulatory T-cell biology; a soluble receptor measurement is distinct from a DNA result.

IL33 encodes interleukin-33, a signal that can act as an alarmin during tissue stress and promote type 2 immune responses. It belongs in a different functional group from chemokines that recruit cells.